企业网站的推广方法,做网站封面素材图,检察 门户网站建设,网站建设推广唯心磁遁8每个程序员都应该有自己的网络类。 下面是我自己用的socket类#xff0c;支持所有我自己常用的功能#xff0c;支持windows和unix/linux。
目录
客户端
服务端
非阻塞
获取socket信息
完整代码 客户端 作为socket客户端#xff0c;只需要如下几个功能#xff1a;
//… 每个程序员都应该有自己的网络类。 下面是我自己用的socket类支持所有我自己常用的功能支持windows和unix/linux。
目录
客户端
服务端
非阻塞
获取socket信息
完整代码 客户端 作为socket客户端只需要如下几个功能
//连接到指定的域名/地址和端口
bool Connect(const string host, unsigned short port);//发送数据
bool Send(const string str);//发送文本
bool Send(char const * buf, long count);//发送二进制数据//接收数据
bool Recv(char * buf, int buflen, long * pReadCount);//断开连接
bool Close(); 比较复杂的是连接到服务器因为要处理域名和端口还要处理主机字节序和网络字节序的转换但是写好以后就可以简单地用域名/地址和端口调用了。判断传入的参数是域名还是地址可以直接尝试转换成地址如果失败再进行域名解析。 Connect代码如下 bool Connect(const string host, unsigned short port)//连接到指定的目标{if (isSTDOUT)return false;struct hostent *ph;T_SA_SIZE len_sa sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);if (s 0){cout 不能在已打开的socket上操作 s endl;return false;}if (!CreateSocket()){cout socket创建失败 s endl;return false;}peersa.sin_family AF_INET;peersa.sin_port htons(port);if (-1 (long)(peersa.sin_addr.s_addr inet_addr(host.c_str()))){if (NULL (ph gethostbyname(host.c_str())))return false;memcpy(peersa.sin_addr.s_addr, ph-h_addr_list[0], ph-h_length);}if (connect(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)peersa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) 0){Close();return false;}getsockname(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)mysa, len_sa);getpeername(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)peersa, len_sa);int iKeepAlive 1;setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (void *)iKeepAlive, sizeof(iKeepAlive));return true;}服务端 作为服务端关键是这两个功能
//在指定端口上监听
bool Listen(unsigned short portnum);//接受一个连接请求返回一个新CmySocket对象
CmySocket Accept();Listen其实相当简单只要先bind到端口即可当然还可能需要指定使用的IP不过我的程序没有用到所以没有写
bool Bind(unsigned short portnum)//绑定到端口
{if (s 0 !CreateSocket())return false;int on 1;setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char*)on, sizeof(on));mysa.sin_port htons(portnum);if (bind(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)mysa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) 0){Close();return false;}return true;
}bool Listen(unsigned short portnum)
{return (Bind(portnum)) (!(listen(s, SOMAXCONN) 0));
}非阻塞 一般用select查询socket是否可读就可以解决阻塞问题写操作不会阻塞。但是有一个坑 如果并发执行select会同时得到可读从而所有进程或线程进入读操作通常是服务端的accept操作但是只有其中一个能读到其它进程或线程会被阻塞。这种现象叫做“惊群”。 对select加锁可以解决问题但是会降低性能。服务端应该通过别的方式来解决一般要解决的只是让服务端能遵照指令退出而已。 通过select检查socket是否可读的代码如下 bool IsSocketReadReady(struct timeval timeout, bool ret){fd_set fd;int i;FD_ZERO(fd);FD_SET(s, fd);i select(s 1, fd, NULL, NULL, timeout);if (1 i){ret true;return true;}else if (0 i){ret false;return true;}else if (-1 i){ret false;return false;}return false;}还有一个能够快速退出的版本 //检查套接字是否可读seconds为负不设超时但仍可根据pfNeedBrek跳出bool IsSocketReadReady2(long seconds, bool ret, bool(*pfNeedBrek)() NULL){struct timeval timeout;timeout.tv_sec (0 seconds ? 0 : 1);timeout.tv_usec 0;time_t t1 time(NULL);do{//LOGseconds time(NULL) - t1ENDI;if (!IsSocketReadReady2(timeout, ret)){return false;}if (NULL ! pfNeedBrek pfNeedBrek()){if (isDebug)cout need break s endl;return false;}if (ret){return true;}} while (seconds 0 || time(NULL) - t1 seconds);return true;}每次阻塞一秒钟然后检查是否设置了退出命令。当然我们知道UNIX/Linux的标准的机制是使用信号来中断不过信号机制可能不同模块冲突不如靠自己。
获取socket信息 程序调试经常要知道本地的端口和对方的地址端口这是通过调用getsockname和getpeername来实现的
//成员变量public:bool isDebug;//调试输出private:bool isSTDOUT;//输出到标准输出而不是socketint s;//socket -1表示无效unsigned long sendcount;//发送计数unsigned long recvcount;//接收计数struct sockaddr_in mysa;//本地半相关struct sockaddr_in peersa;//远程半相关//服务端接受连接或客户端建立连接后执行
getsockname(cs.s, (sockaddr*)(void*)cs.mysa, len_sa);
getpeername(cs.s, (sockaddr*)(void*)cs.peersa, len_sa);//输出内部信息string debuginfo()//输出内部数据结构{string str;char buf[256];str ;if (isSTDOUT)str STDOUT\n;if (-1 ! s){sprintf(buf, %d, s);str buf;}else str 未连接;str \n;sprintf(buf, send: %ld\nrecv: %ld\n, sendcount, recvcount);str buf;if (AF_INET mysa.sin_family)str AF_INET;else{sprintf(buf, %d, mysa.sin_family);str buf;}str \n;str inet_ntoa(mysa.sin_addr);str \n;sprintf(buf, %d, ntohs(mysa.sin_port));str buf;str \n;if (AF_INET peersa.sin_family)str AF_INET;else{sprintf(buf, %d, peersa.sin_family);str buf;}str \n;str inet_ntoa(peersa.sin_addr);str \n;sprintf(buf, %d, ntohs(peersa.sin_port));str buf;str \n;return str;}完整代码 #ifndef MYSTD_MYSOCKET_H
#define MYSTD_MYSOCKET_H#ifndef _MS_VC
#include sys/socket.h
#include unistd.h
#include netinet/in.h
#include netdb.h
#include arpa/inet.h
#include errno.h
#else
#include winsock.h
#endifnamespace ns_my_std_2
{#define T_SA_SIZE int#ifdef _HPOS
#undef T_SA_SIZE
#define T_SA_SIZE int
#endif#ifdef _IBMOS
#undef T_SA_SIZE
#define T_SA_SIZE unsigned int
#endif#ifdef _LINUXOS
#undef T_SA_SIZE
#define T_SA_SIZE socklen_t
#endifclass CmySocket{public:bool isDebug;//调试输出private:bool isSTDOUT;//输出到标准输出而不是socketint s;//socket -1表示无效unsigned long sendcount;//发送计数unsigned long recvcount;//接收计数struct sockaddr_in mysa;//本地半相关struct sockaddr_in peersa;//远程半相关bool Init()//初始化s被设置为-1计数清零半相关清零{char myname[256];struct hostent *ph;s -1;isDebug false;isSTDOUT false;sendcount 0;recvcount 0;memset(mysa, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));memset(peersa, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));if (0 ! gethostname(myname, 256))return false;myname[255] \0;if (NULL (ph gethostbyname(myname)))return false;mysa.sin_family ph-h_addrtype;return true;}bool CreateSocket()//初始化并建立一个socket{if (Init() (s socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) 0)return true;else return false;}int CloseSocket(int _s){
#ifndef _MS_VCreturn close(_s);
#elsereturn closesocket(_s);
#endif}bool Bind(unsigned short portnum)//绑定到端口{if (s 0 !CreateSocket())return false;int on 1;setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char*)on, sizeof(on));mysa.sin_port htons(portnum);if (bind(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)mysa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) 0){Close();return false;}return true;}public:CmySocket(int _s -1)//构造函数s默认被设置为-1{T_SA_SIZE len_sa sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);Init();s _s;if (-1 ! s){getsockname(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)mysa, len_sa);getpeername(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)peersa, len_sa);}}void SetSTDOUT() { isSTDOUT true; }//设置为标准输出bool Listen(unsigned short portnum)//在指定端口上监听如果s为-1会先建立socket然后bind{if (isSTDOUT)return false;return (Bind(portnum)) (!(listen(s, SOMAXCONN) 0));}bool Accept(int * pNewSocket)//接受一个连接请求{if (isSTDOUT)return false;return -1 ! ((*pNewSocket) accept(s, NULL, NULL));}CmySocket Accept()//接受一个连接请求返回一个新CmySocket对象{if (isSTDOUT)return false;CmySocket cs;T_SA_SIZE len_sa sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);cs.Init();cs.s accept(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)cs.mysa, len_sa);if (-1 ! cs.s){getsockname(cs.s, (sockaddr*)(void*)cs.mysa, len_sa);getpeername(cs.s, (sockaddr*)(void*)cs.peersa, len_sa);int iKeepAlive 1;setsockopt(cs.s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (void *)iKeepAlive, sizeof(iKeepAlive));}return cs;}bool Send(const string str)//发送文本{return Send(str.c_str(), str.size());}bool Send(char const * buf, long count)//发送二进制数据{if (isSTDOUT){std::cout buf std::flush;sendcount count;return true;}long i 0;while (i count){int n send(s, buf i, count - i, 0);if (isDebug)cout socket s send count - i return n endl;if (n ! count){cout socket s send count - i return n endl;}if (n 0){return false;}i n;sendcount n;}return true;}bool Recv(char * buf, int buflen, long * pReadCount)//接收数据{if (isSTDOUT)return false;if ((*pReadCount recv(s, buf, buflen, 0)) 0){if (isDebug)cout socket s recv return *pReadCount endl;return false;}if (isDebug)cout socket s recv return *pReadCount endl;recvcount (*pReadCount);return true;}bool Close()//close socket 设置s为-1但其它数据会保持到下一次用这个对象建立新socket时才清除{if (isSTDOUT)return true;if (isDebug)cout socket 关闭 s endl;shutdown(s, 2);if (0 CloseSocket(s)){s -1;return true;}else return false;}bool Connect(const string host, unsigned short port)//连接到指定的目标{if (isSTDOUT)return false;struct hostent *ph;T_SA_SIZE len_sa sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);if (s 0){cout 不能在已打开的socket上操作 s endl;return false;}if (!CreateSocket()){cout socket创建失败 s endl;return false;}peersa.sin_family AF_INET;peersa.sin_port htons(port);if (-1 (long)(peersa.sin_addr.s_addr inet_addr(host.c_str()))){if (NULL (ph gethostbyname(host.c_str())))return false;memcpy(peersa.sin_addr.s_addr, ph-h_addr_list[0], ph-h_length);}if (connect(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)peersa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) 0){Close();return false;}getsockname(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)mysa, len_sa);getpeername(s, (sockaddr*)(void*)peersa, len_sa);int iKeepAlive 1;setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (void *)iKeepAlive, sizeof(iKeepAlive));return true;}bool IsConnected() { if (isSTDOUT)return true; else return -1 ! s; }//是否处于连接状态只对客户socket有意义sockaddr_in const * GetPeersa()const { return this-peersa; }//检查套接字是否可读bool IsSocketReadReady(long seconds, bool ret){struct timeval timeout;timeout.tv_sec seconds;timeout.tv_usec 0;return IsSocketReadReady(timeout, ret);}bool IsSocketReadReady(struct timeval timeout, bool ret){fd_set fd;int i;FD_ZERO(fd);FD_SET(s, fd);i select(s 1, fd, NULL, NULL, timeout);if (1 i){ret true;return true;}else if (0 i){ret false;return true;}else if (-1 i){ret false;return false;}return false;}//检查套接字是否可读seconds为负不设超时但仍可根据pfNeedBrek跳出bool IsSocketReadReady2(long seconds, bool ret, bool(*pfNeedBrek)() NULL){struct timeval timeout;timeout.tv_sec (0 seconds ? 0 : 1);timeout.tv_usec 0;time_t t1 time(NULL);do{//LOGseconds time(NULL) - t1ENDI;if (!IsSocketReadReady2(timeout, ret)){return false;}if (NULL ! pfNeedBrek pfNeedBrek()){if (isDebug)cout need break s endl;return false;}if (ret){return true;}} while (seconds 0 || time(NULL) - t1 seconds);return true;}bool IsSocketReadReady2(struct timeval timeout, bool ret){ret false;fd_set fd;int i;FD_ZERO(fd);FD_SET(s, fd);//LOGtimeout.tv_sec timeout.tv_secENDI;
#ifdef _HPOSi select(s 1, (int *)fd, NULL, NULL, timeout);
#elsei select(s 1, fd, NULL, NULL, timeout);
#endif//LOGtimeout.tv_sec timeout.tv_sec select iENDI;if (1 i){ret true;return true;}else if (0 i){ret false;return true;}else if (-1 i){if (EINTR errno){ret false;return true;//被信号中断不是错误}else{ret false;return false;}}return false;}//接收数据可以设置函数来终止bool Recv2(char * buf, int buflen, long * pReadCount, bool(*pfNeedBrek)()){bool isReady false;if (!IsSocketReadReady2(-1, isReady, pfNeedBrek)){if (isDebug)cout IsSocketReadReady2 error s endl;return false;}if (!isReady){if (isDebug)cout not ready s endl;return false;}return Recv(buf, buflen, pReadCount);}int GetMyPort()const{return ntohs(mysa.sin_port);}string GetPeerInfo()const{string str;if (-1 ! s){str inet_ntoa(peersa.sin_addr);str :;char buf[32];sprintf(buf, %d, ntohs(peersa.sin_port));str buf;}return str;}string debuginfo()//输出内部数据结构{string str;char buf[256];str ;if (isSTDOUT)str STDOUT\n;if (-1 ! s){sprintf(buf, %d, s);str buf;}else str 未连接;str \n;sprintf(buf, send: %ld\nrecv: %ld\n, sendcount, recvcount);str buf;if (AF_INET mysa.sin_family)str AF_INET;else{sprintf(buf, %d, mysa.sin_family);str buf;}str \n;str inet_ntoa(mysa.sin_addr);str \n;sprintf(buf, %d, ntohs(mysa.sin_port));str buf;str \n;if (AF_INET peersa.sin_family)str AF_INET;else{sprintf(buf, %d, peersa.sin_family);str buf;}str \n;str inet_ntoa(peersa.sin_addr);str \n;sprintf(buf, %d, ntohs(peersa.sin_port));str buf;str \n;return str;}};
}#endif(这里是结束)
